Social networks and adolescence: impact on self-esteem and digital identity

Abstract

Introduction: The study addressed the influence of social networks on the construction of identity and self-esteem in adolescents. It analyzed how platforms such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram transformed the forms of communication and social validation, promoting ideals of perfection that affected psychological well-being. The research highlighted that adolescence, a stage of search for identity and acceptance, was particularly vulnerable to the effects of constant digital exposure.
Development: It was described that social networks offered ample possibilities for interaction, but also fostered comparisons and frustrations when confronted with idealized life models. Self-esteem was analyzed from five dimensions - physical, affective, social, academic and ethical - all influenced by digital dynamics. Adolescents, by relying on external approval measured in “likes” or comments, substituted internal self-worth for the validation of others. In addition, cyberbullying was addressed as one of the main negative consequences, highlighting its persistent nature and the profound psychological impact it generated. The creation of fake profiles, used for purposes of harassment, manipulation or fraud, accentuated the vulnerability of users and enhanced the dynamics of virtual violence.
Conclusions: The analysis allowed concluding that social networks redefined the processes of youth socialization, affecting the perception of the self and digital coexistence. The need to strengthen emotional education and digital literacy to promote a responsible and conscious use of these platforms, reducing the impact of cyberbullying and promoting healthy virtual environments was highlighted.